藻礁十二之最
Twelve Mysteries of the Algal Reef
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最綿延海岸綠洲
Continuous coastal oasis
Geology
◆ 礁體演變 reef evolution
大約從7000-5000年前，開始有藻礁遺骸大量出沒於河口處，
然而近年牡蠣礁越來越顯著，礁體容貌將持續變化。
A significant number of dead algal reefs first appeared in the estuaries between 5,000 to 7,000 years ago. Yet as the oyster reefs have grown in prominence over the years, the reef’s appearance will continue to evolve.
◆ 礁體演變 reef evolution
大約從7000-5000年前,開始有藻礁遺骸大量出沒於河口處,
然而近年牡蠣礁越來越顯著,礁體容貌將持續變化
A significant number of dead algal reefs first appeared in the estuaries between 5,000 to 7,000 years ago.Yet as the oyster reefs have grown in prominence over the years, the reef’s appearance will continue to evolve.
◆ 草原 grassland
科學家從古老壁畫中的生物推測出冰河時期結束後，草原與雨林的範圍出現變化，
現在看見的草原，以前可能是一整片樹林！
Scientists believe that the range of grasslands and rainforests changed following the Ice Age according to the species shown in historical paintings. It's possible that the current grasslands were once a large forest!
◆ 草原 grassland
科學家從古老壁畫中的生物推測出冰河時期結束後,草原與雨林的範圍出現變化,
現在的草原,以前可能是一整片樹林!
Scientists believe that the range of grasslands and rainforests changed following the Ice Age according to the species shown in historical paintings. It's possible that the current grasslands were once a large forest!
◆ 油漆 paint
漆油漆時，會經歷粗磨、批土、打磨、底漆、面漆，
不同階段用不同材料，完成各自的使命。
Before painting a wall, it will go through stages such as grinding, rendering, polishing, priming, and topcoating. Different materials are used in different stages to complete their missions respectively.
◆ 珊瑚礁 coral reef
藻礁區最初其實是以珊瑚礁為主體喔！
在海水鹽度與溫度變化下，藻礁才逐漸嶄露。
The ecosystem of algal reefs is originally dominated by coral reefs. When the salinity and temperature of the seawater fluctuate, the algal reefs will gradually appear.
◆ 冰河融化 glacier melt
冰河融化後，大面積的液態水造成生物分佈出現巨大的轉變，
而珊瑚礁與藻礁也是在這個時期開始生長。
Large expanses of liquid water following glacier melting drastically changed the distribution of creatures, and coral reefs and algal reefs also started to expand during this time.
◆ 逐漸上升 gradual rise
海平面逐漸上升，環境漸漸變得適合造礁生物在此生長，礁體基底在此悄悄扎根。
永安漁港以南目前也發現藻礁的蹤跡，未來將持續造礁，綿延海岸線。
Since the global sea levels are gradually rising, the environment becomes suitable for reef-building organisms to grow and takes root quietly. The shoreline will eventually be covered by reefs since algal reef traces can also be seen to the south of Yongan Fishing Port.
NOW
When algal reefs grow, the nascent crustose coralline algae are attached to aging calcified algal reefs that are the substrate of the algal reef through the processes of slow accumulation and deposition of calcium carbonate. Year after year, the endless brown algal reef system has stood on the coast of Taoyuan for nearly 7,500 years.
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FUTURE
Ocean acidification is a serious challenge that keeps worsening the ecosystem and poses a severe threat to shallow sea creatures. After learning benefits of coral reef ecosystems, people have started to care about protecting algal reefs. The continuous growth of algal reefs can maintain the local ocean in a healthy status and bring these creatures a fighting chance to survive, just like seeing an oasis in the desert—a unique coastal oasis in Taiwan.
NOW
藻礁生長時，會以老化的鈣化藻遺骸為基層，新生珊瑚藻附著其上，死亡後成為鈣化藻遺骸，新生珊瑚藻再堆疊上去，年復一年，我們看到的桃園藻礁已經疊了7500年之久。
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FUTURE
未來環境變得糟糕，海洋酸化問題嚴重，淺海生物無所適從。 發現藻礁益處後，人民開始重視藻礁保護，藻礁持續生長，使當地海洋維持健康狀態，帶給這些生物一線生機，如同在沙漠看見綠洲 - 台灣獨有的海岸綠洲。
中文
最新奇島嶼
Amazing island
Geology
◆ 海水面積 seawater area
全球海水面積270,550km²，觀新藻礁面積約為3.7km²，佔海水面積的 0.0014 %
The total sea area is 270,550 km², and the area of the Guanxin algal reef ecosystem is approximately 3.7km², accounting for 0.0014% of the total sea area.
◆ 全球罕見 Rare in the world
全世界有191個臨海國家與地區，有藻礁的地區包含台灣僅四個。
Only four countries, including Taiwan, out of the 191 coastal countries and areas around the world have algal reefs.
◆ 樂透 lotto
要找到適合藻礁生長又方便觀察的水域機率，相當於中樂透伍獎（0.009%）！
The probability of finding a water region where algal reefs may grow easily for observation is equivalent to winning a fifth prize lottery ticket in Taiwan.
NOW
Algal reefs are hard to be discovered and poorly observed. They are mainly distributed in the Mediterranean Sea, Norway, and Brazil intertidal zone, located approximately 20 to 120 meters below sea level.However, the algal reef in Taoyuan occupies the intertidal zone along the 27 km coast of Taoyuan City. In addition, one of the few subtropical intertidal algal reefs still in existence is the Datan algal reef. It is the only one in the world that can be observed, touched, and even walked on without any equipment.
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FUTURE
If properly planned and designed, such a rare ecological landscape is sure to be a wonderful location for tourism development. By utilizing the properties of algal reefs that will bury the connected items rather than excavating, piling, and filling with cement, coastal development then can reduce the potential of damaging algal reefs and allow for the installation of reinforced glass and other materials on algal reefs. In order to balance conservation with development, coexisting with it has evolved into a new architectural paradigm, resulting in the most innovative and distinctive island.
NOW
全世界有藻礁的地區：地中海環礁、挪威、巴西潮間帶，大約位於海平面下20至120公尺，不易被發現及觀察。 然而桃園就擁有長達27公里的藻礁海岸，其中的大潭藻礁更是少數僅存的亞熱帶潮間帶藻礁，不需任何裝備即可近距離觀察、觸摸，甚至行走在上面，全世界僅此一樁。
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FUTURE
如此罕見的生態景觀，若妥善規劃勢必是個發展觀光的好地點。 海岸開發將對藻礁產生破壞的可能性減到最小，不再採取開挖、打樁、填水泥，而是利用藻礁會將附著其上的物品埋沒的生長特性，使強化玻璃等材質固定於藻礁上，與它共存成為新建築模式，打造出最新奇又獨特的島嶼，成為新觀光景點，如此一來就能同時兼顧保育與發展。
中文
最特殊水下展覽
Special underwater exhibition
Geology
◆ 水下觀察 Underwater observation
大量藻礁隱藏在海面下，若在水下觀察，將看見更多意想不到的美妙風景。
A large number of algal reefs are hidden under the sea surface. If you observe underwater, you will see more unexpected and stunning scenery.
◆ 海生館 Aquarium
藻礁區就像一座超大海生館，不僅能零距離觀賞，也能確保生物自由，並提供牠們礫石灘到沙灘的生活環境。
The ecosystem of algal reefs is like a huge marine biology and aquarium. It not only provides a close-up observation, but it also ensures biological freedom and provides them with a gravel-to-sand habitat.
◆ 繁衍 multiply
因此處有完整的生態系，覓食方便，許多生物選擇在此處繁衍。
Since there is a complete ecosystem and easy to forage, many creatures choose to reproduce here.
◆ 鯨豚 cetaceans
一般海生館飼養的鯨豚平均壽命，比野生鯨豚少了幾十歲，甚至有海生館在30年間造成60隻以上鯨豚死亡。
The average life expectancy of cetaceans raised in typical marine biology and aquariums is several decades shorter than that of wild cetaceans. There are even more than 60 cetaceans dead in marine biology and aquariums over the past 30 years.
◆ 保育動物 protected species
潮間帶生物到淺海生物，應有盡有，甚至還有許多保育類動物(例如：紅肉ㄚ髻鮫、柴山多杯孔珊瑚)在此出沒喔！
Here hosts animals from intertidal zones to shallow water—you name it, and there are even many protected animals(such as: Sphyrna lewini, Polycyathus chaishanensis) here!
柴山多杯孔珊瑚
Polycyathus chaishanensis
紅肉ㄚ髻鮫
Sphyrna lewini
NOW
In the natural environment, the Earth is like a museum, exhibiting a wide diversity of various animals and landscapes. Recently, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has declared the Taoyuan Algal Reef a Hope Spot in recognition of the reef’s breathtakingly unique ecosystem and become one of the significant treasures on Earth that can be touched and even walked on.
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FUTURE
Most of the algal reefs will be buried in water when the sea level rises in the future. Seeing algal reefs underwater is like touring a huge museum. Around the caverns may be found shrimp and fish. The events that take place here are the exhibition’s inmost chapter.
NOW
在自然環境中，地球就像是博物館，展演各種不同的生物與景觀，桃園藻礁近年獲國際保育組織Mission Blue列為東亞第一個生態希望熱點，成為一件地球博物館中的重要館藏品之一，能觸摸甚至踩踏其上的館藏品。
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FUTURE
未來海平面上升，大部分的藻礁沒入水中。 潛入水中觀賞藻礁就像是進到大博物館內參觀，魚蝦徜徉在洞穴之間，一切在此發生的事都是展覽中最精華的篇章。
中文
最豐富色彩計畫
Abundant color scheme
Water
◆ 顏色變化 color changes
藻礁大部分時刻都呈現褐色狀態，繁殖期會因為藻類本身色彩而改變顏色，又因周邊有許多工廠排放污水，仔細觀察會發現許多神秘色彩藏匿其中。
The algal reefs are brown most of the time. During the breeding season, the color of the algae will change. If you take a closer look, you’ll see that there are many mystery hues hidden in them due to polluted water discharged from several nearby factories.
◆ 藻類 algae
藻類生長季節為冬、春兩季，色彩多樣，像是組成藻礁的紅色殼狀珊瑚藻，還有綠色的石蓴、紫色的沙菜。
Winter and spring are growing seasons of algae with various colors, including coralline algae that are the main builders of a typical algal reef, green seaweed Ulva lactuca and purple hypnea.
◆ 鋅錠 Zinc ingot
人體一天建議鋅攝取量為15ppm，藻礁地區檢驗出的最大值為2077.2ppm，相當於在每公升的水中倒入461罐市售鋅錠。
The recommended daily amount of zinc is 15ppm. However, a maximum value of 2077.2ppm was detected at algal reef coasts, which is equivalent to pouring 461 cans of commercially available zinc into a liter of water.
◆ 光影 light and shade
由各式藻類所交織出的世界就像一幅印象主義畫作，透過光影的不同，表現出每個不同的時刻、不同的美，色彩豐富且充滿活力。
The world in which varied algae coexist is like an impressionist painting because it depicts each unique moment, different beauty, vibrant colors through the variation of light and shadow.
◆ 重金屬 heavy metal
工廠排放出的活性介面劑、銅、鋅、鎘等，使當地海域重金屬含量超標百倍。
The wastewater discharged from factories, such as surfactants, copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), etc., caused the concentration of heavy metals in the local sea area to exceed standards by a hundred times.
◆ 重金屬汙染 industrial wastewater
藻礁海岸工業區、科技園區林立，早年因工廠排放鎘廢水，導致1982年鎘米事件
（俗稱痛痛病）的發生。
The algal reef littoral industrial area and science parks stand in great numbers. In the early years, the discharge of cadmium wastewater by factories affected Taiwanese rice (which causes Itai-Itai disease) in Taoyuan County in 1982.
NOW
The algal reefs are brown most of the time. During the breeding season, the color of the algal reefs will change due to the different types of reef-building algae. Taoyuan is the largest industrial science and technology city with several industrial parks offshore. Polluted water discharged from nearby factories causes the concentration of heavy metals in the local agricultural soil and creatures to exceed standards by multiple times, and even pink substances appeared. The unpleasant brown is the most mysterious color chart in the world.
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FUTURE
The growing algal reefs will permanently preserve the color of the industrial effluent on their surface. Once new laws are enacted by the government and new technologies are developed, hazardous elements in industrial effluent may be filtered out, retaining their original colors and resulting in the formation of vibrant algal reefs. Furthermore, when the environment changes, creature diversity increases such as a variety of corals, which provide the ecology of algal reefs with colorful hues and transform brown reefs into other types of reefs.
NOW
藻礁大部分時間都呈現褐色狀態，非常不起眼，而生長期的藻礁會因為造礁藻類種類不同，而有不同變化(綠色的石蓴、紫色的沙菜、再來就是紅色的珊瑚藻)。 桃園為工業大市，海岸邊有許多工業區的設置，因排放之汙水內含有活性界面劑，有顏色、泡泡，此外，廢水與汙水的排放也造成當地土壤和生物重金屬含量過高，甚至有粉色物質出現。 不討喜的褐色裡，是世界上最神秘的一張大色票。
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FUTURE
藻礁生長將汙水色彩永久保存在表面上，政府立新法與新科技出現後，工廠汙水可過濾有毒物質，留下顏色，形成彩色藻礁。 另外隨著環境改變，生物越發多元，包含許多的珊瑚，為藻礁生態增添豐富色彩，而不再只是褐色礁體。
中文
最具潛力材料Promising material
Water
◆ 堆疊結構 stacked structure
藻礁以老化的鈣化藻遺骸為基層，新生的珊瑚藻附著其上，死亡後成為鈣化藻遺骸，
新生珊瑚藻再堆疊上去，年復一年，結構鬆散卻堅硬。
The nascent calcified red algae are attached to aging calcified algal reefs that are the substrate of the algal reef. When they become calcified remains, living crustose coralline algae attach to them once again. Year after year, the structure is loose but extremely hard through the processes of slow accumulation and deposition of calcium carbonate.
◆ 突堤效應 groin effect
大潭藻礁附近設有：觀塘基地、臨時碼頭、出水口導流堤、入水口導流堤，突堤效應使部分藻礁面臨砂埋與侵蝕問題。
The Guantang LNG terminal, a temporary pier, an outlet and inlet diversion dike are the four groins that are located close to the Datan algal reef. Several algal reefs are facing the impacts of sand burial and erosion as a result of the groin effect.
◆ 割紙 cut paper
海岸建設將藻礁挖起，就像是割開一張紙，原先交疊的纖維被斷開，
產生了剖切面，不論如何修補、黏貼，都無法恢復原樣。
During coastal development, the algal reefs are excavated, just like cutting a sheet of paper. The original layers are destroyed, resulting in a sliced surface that cannot be mended or pasted together again.
◆ 修補 repair
2015年 中油沙崙油庫為了檢修裝卸原油的海纜管線，打樁挖採破壞藻礁，目前正斥資500萬元做海岸復育補償措施。
To facilitate crude oil imports, CPC has installed offshore cables and pipelines for large oil tankers by piling and destroying algal reefs at the Shalun terminal in Taoyuan. Consequently, CPC Corporation is now investing NT$5 million in compensating measures for coastal restoration.
◆ 水域面積 seawater area
藻礁就像一張張瓦楞紙板，利用堆疊與結構變化組合成家具(例：椅子、床邊桌)。
看似脆弱卻有十足的力量能夠支撐人體重量，甚至是好幾人一起坐上去也不會壞。
The wastewater discharged from factories, such as surfactants, copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), etc., caused the concentration of heavy metals in the local sea area to exceed standards by a hundred times.
◆ 海岸建設破壞 coastal Engineering Impact
由於海岸建設處理不當，使得藻礁成為碎片，無法重新膠結。
大潭藻礁甚至能清楚看見工廠為排放污水，將藻礁挖開並埋入水管的痕跡。
Due to improper coastal construction, the algal reefs were fragmented and could not be re-cemented. The industries in Datan dug up the algal reefs and buried the water pipes in them to discharge sewage. These dreadful scenes can still be plainly seen in Datan algal reef ecosystem today.
NOW
Due to careless coastal development, the algal reefs were shoveled and thrown away unconcernedly. In addition to losing the chance to develop further, the algal reefs were also unable to be re-cemented. As a result, many algal reefs have been transformed from marine gems to marine debris.
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FUTURE
Scientists have finally developed a technique to re-cement the algal reef fragments, which not only can bring them back to the algal reef itself, but also employ its hard and cemented characteristics to create a variety of sustainable materials.
NOW
由於海岸建設處理不當，直接將藻礁鏟挖並隨意丟棄於周圍，藻礁不僅失去繼續生長的機會，擺放回去也無法重新膠結，大量藻礁因此從海洋寶物變成海岸廢棄物。
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FUTURE
科學家終於研發出使藻礁碎片重新膠結的方法，不僅使其回歸藻礁本體，也利用其堅硬與膠結的特性，製作各種生活用品材料，其堅硬、膠結特性被妥善利用，成為一種天然環保材質。
中文
最天然空氣過濾機
Nature air filter
Sun
◆ 循環鏈 Circular chain
藻礁能夠吸收與儲存二氧化碳，不過二氧化碳濃度過高，將使得藻礁的造礁速率變慢；
造礁能力變差，儲存量也就變少，惡性循環造成地球環境變得越來越糟糕。
Algal reefs can absorb and store carbon dioxide (CO2). When the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere is too high, the reef-building rate will be slowed down. When the speed of building reefs decreases, the CO2 storage capacity will also decrease simultaneously. The vicious cycle will constantly deteriorate the global environment.
◆ 二氧化碳濃度 CO2 concentration
工業革命至今，大氣中二氧化碳比例已提高40%，使全球環境持續升溫，影響各地氣候，導致部分人口因氣候而貧窮，許多動植物絕種。
Since the beginning of the industrial revolution in the 18th century, the concentrations of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere have increased by approximately 40%, which causes global temperatures to rise and affect every region on Earth. As a result, climate change pushes up to millions of people into poverty. Animal and plant species are now threatened with extinction.
◆ 器官損傷 Organic lesion
人類需要補充微量元素才會更加健康 但若攝取過多將引發不適感及器官長期損害。
Humans need to take some trace elements to be healthier, but the excess of trace elements can lead to discomfort and long-term organ damage.
◆ 尤加利 Eucalyptus
二氧化碳會使尤加利樹中的營養素耗盡，導致無尾熊營養不良甚至餓死。
Increasing atmospheric CO2 levels will reduce the nutritional quality of Eucalyptus leaves, causing koalas to malnutrition and even ultimate starvation.
◆ 無尾熊 koala
澳洲無尾熊近20年來因氣候、疾病等問題，數量從18萬銳減到少於5萬7千隻，目前已被列為瀕危物種。
In the past 20 years, the number of koalas in Australia has dropped sharply from 180,000 to 57,000 due to climate, disease, and other problems. Consequently, the Australian government has officially listed the koala as “THREATENED” and an endangered species.
◆ 微量元素 Micronutrition
二氧化碳之於藻礁，就像微量元素(例：鋅、鐵、鎂)之於人體，不可或缺卻又不得過量。
Carbon dioxide is crucial for algal reefs, much as the human body need trace elements—indispensable but cannot be excessive.
NOW
Blue carbon is the term for the carbon dioxide stored by coastal and marine ecosystems. Algal reefs have recently been listed as a type of blue carbon. Although the high concentrations of carbon dioxide will be produced by calcification, it will all be absorbed by photosynthetic processes immediately. The world's largest rebreather, the algal reef, forms calcium carbonate sediments by absorbing carbon dioxide.
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FUTURE
Scientists are constantly looking for ways to reduce carbon dioxide, minimize the impact of the greenhouse effect, and continue to find answers in blue carbon. Once the algal reefs have been successfully artificially propagated, carbon dioxide will be sent regularly and quantitatively to the breeding area of algal reefs, where it is used by making the most of the advantages of the algal reefs to achieve the highest level of carbon fixation and thereby significantly lower the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, and increase algal reef production.
NOW
當海洋、沿岸植物能夠長期儲存空氣中的二氧化碳，這些生態即稱為「藍碳」。 而藻礁近年才被列入藍碳名單之中，雖然「鈣化作用」會產生高濃度的二氧化碳，不過馬上就會被「光合作用」吸收殆盡。 藻礁吸收二氧化碳並產生碳酸鈣沉積物，是世界上最大型循環呼吸器。
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FUTURE
科學家不斷在找固碳方式，讓二氧化碳對溫室效應的影響降到最低，持續地在藍碳之中尋找解答。 在成功人工繁殖藻礁後，用科學儀器定時定量將二氧化碳集中送往藻礁繁殖區，利用藻礁達到固碳最大功率，有效減少空氣中的二氧化碳比例。使藻礁的生產達到最高效益。
中文
最強效環境萬能藥
Effective environmental panacea
Sun
◆ 海水酸化 ocean acidification
海洋吸收二氧化碳造成海水酸化，會使得海洋生物缺氧，不易生存。
When carbon dioxide dissolves in seawater, the water becomes more acidic, which will make marine creatures hypoxic and struggle to survive.
◆ 生物鏈改變 biological chain
在藻礁行鈣化作用時，能使海水中碳酸氫根離子減少，
逐漸調節水質、改善海水酸化，使海洋生態更加健康。
When algal reefs undergo calcification, the amount of bicarbonate ions (HCO3−) in the seawater decreases, which can progressively improve water quality, decrease ocean acidification, and make marine ecosystems healthier.
在藻礁行鈣化作用時,能使海水中碳酸氫根離子減少,逐漸調節水質、改善海水酸化,使海洋生態更加健康
The amount of carbon dioxide the seawater absorbs in one day is equal to planting more than 420 million blackboard trees planted on Earth.When algal reefs undergo calcification, the amount of bicarbonate ions (HCO3−) in the seawater decreases, which can progressively improve water quality, decrease ocean acidification, and make marine ecosystems healthier.
◆ 種植 plant
海水一天吸收的二氧化碳量，相當於在陸地上種植4億2千多萬棵黑板樹。
The amount of carbon dioxide the seawater absorbs in one day is equal to planting more than 420 million blackboard trees planted on Earth.
◆ 海膽 sea urchin
海膽的外殼由碳酸鈣所組成，海水酸化會使其脆化、影響受精率，導致產量減少25%，肉質也大受影響。其他海洋生物的胚胎也不易生存，生物鏈將因此被改變。
The sea urchin shell is composed of calcium carbonate (CaCO3), and the acidity of saltwater will make it fragile and brittle and even influence fertilization success in sea urchins, resulting in a 25% reduction in production and meat quality is also greatly affected. Since it is difficult for other marine species’ embryos to survive, the biological food chain will be changed.
◆ 行道樹 street tree
以一棵黑板樹來說，一年可固定56.76公斤的二氧化碳，
海水每日吸收二氧化碳量則高達2400萬噸。
Take a blackboard tree as an example, it can absorb 56.76 kilograms of carbon dioxide per year, and the ocean absorbs 24 million tons of CO2 every day.
NOW
When algal reefs can absorb carbon dioxide in the atmosphere when undergoing photosynthesis. During calcification, the amount of bicarbonate ions (HCO3−) in the seawater decreases, which can progressively improve water quality and decrease ocean acidification.
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FUTURE
After addressing the issue of excessive carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, algal reefs continue to grow, considerably improving the ecosystem in the sea, and even have the potential to develop a new kind of green energy to lessen the harm that humans are causing to the planet. These approaches are undoubtedly the world's most effective cure-all.
NOW
藻礁行「光合作用」時會吸收並儲存二氧化碳，進行「鈣化作用」時，能使海水中的碳酸氫根離子數量減少，以降低海水酸化程度。 地球上孕育著許多生命，地球體質也不斷在改變，藻礁即是地球的保健品，不僅能減少空氣中的二氧化碳、能改善海洋酸化問題，還能使生物鏈更加健康，藻礁之於地球正是如此不可或缺。
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FUTURE
改善空氣中二氧化碳過多的問題後，海水酸化程度趨於平緩且穩定，藻礁持續造礁，大大改善海水環境，甚至有機會造就一種新型態的綠色能源，減緩人類對地球的傷害，對地球來說，無疑是最強效萬能藥。
中文
最快生長寶藏
Wealthy growing treasure
Sun
◆ 藻類大發現 The discovery of algae
藻礁區總共發現48種大型藻類、22種殼狀珊瑚藻(鈣化藻)：
膨石藻、中葉藻、哈氏石葉藻、石枝藻與孢石藻等，品種持續發現中。
There are a total of 48 species of macroalgae and 22 species of crustose coralline algae (also known as calcified red algae) found in the algal reef area, including Phymatolithon, Mesophyllum, Harveylithon, Lithothamnion, Sporolithon, etc. More species are continuously being discovered.
◆ 寶石 gem
藻礁區就像大寶箱，各式藻類就是不同的寶石，顏色鮮艷柔和且豐富多樣！
The algal reef area is like a huge treasure chest. All kinds of algae are different gems—with various bright and pastel colors.
◆ 厚度小於0.1公分 Thickness less than 0.1cm
每一層殼狀珊瑚藻厚度小於0.1公分，大約為一張信用卡的厚度。
Each layer of crustose coralline algae is less than 0.1 cm thick, or approximately the thickness of a credit card.
◆ 10年生長1公分 1 cm in 10 year
因海水侵蝕，加上藻礁一年只增加一層，10年甚至有可能生長不超過1公分。
Due to marine denudation and the fact that algal reefs only grow one layer a year, they may even grow no more than 1 cm in thickness every 10 years.
◆ 珍珠 pearl
藻類看似沒有太多變化，實際上有700餘種；就像珍珠，由不同蚌類生產的珍珠，也有不同的樣貌與名稱。
Algae do not seem to change much, yet there are more than 700 different species, and much like pearls, the pearls made by different mussels have distinct names and appearances.
◆ 信用卡 credit card
藻礁在7500年間的侵蝕與生長，就像持續辦卡與剪卡，
目前最高的地區大約有6000張信用卡，厚1.5層樓高喔！
The denudation and growth of algal reefs over the past 7,500 years is like the continuous applying for and cutting up a credit card. Metaphorically, there are about 6,000 credit cards in the highest area now, which is equal to a 1.5-story building.
NOW
Algal reefs can only increase 10 cm in thickness by crustose coralline algae adhering to the substrate layer by layer over 100 years. The speed of reef-building is extremely slow, which is equivalent to taking 120 years to reach the height of a carton of Wheat Fragrant Milk Tea.
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FUTURE
Algal reefs are both a treasure and a necessity for the future of the environment, and they have made significant contributions to sustainable development. Reefs are in danger of dying due to the problem of coastal constructions expanding quickly and algal reefs growing slowly. Scientists have developed a method to artificially trigger crustose coralline algae to proliferate quickly to make up for some environmental harm caused by human activities.
NOW
由於藻礁是由殼狀珊瑚藻一層層堆積而成，造礁速度極慢，大約100年長10公分，
相當於經過120年才能達到一瓶小罐麥香的高度。
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FUTURE
藻礁對環境永續發展有著大量貢獻，是未來環境的必需品、拯救環境的寶藏，為了解決海岸建設開發快速，而藻礁生長緩慢面臨消失的窘況，科學家找到了使殼狀珊瑚藻快速繁殖、造礁的人工技術，使藻類數量與面積快速成長，彌補一些人類對於環境的破壞。
中文
最良性競爭對手
Potential Competitor
Temperature
◆ 與珊瑚礁的差異 Differences in coral reefs
珊瑚礁是＂動物礁＂，體型較大，因此造礁速度較快。/ 藻礁是＂植物礁＂，需等待繁殖期到來，造礁速度較慢。
Coral reefs are made up of colonies of hundreds to thousands of tiny marine invertebrate animals. Thus, they can grow fast enough to build enormous structures. As for algal reefs, they are built by coral algae and they have to wait for their breeding season to build the structures.
珊瑚礁需生長在水質清澈且溫暖之處；藻礁則可適應較混濁、溫度較低、鹽分較不穩定的環境。
Corals need clear, warm and shallow water, intact ecosystems and healthy fisheries to survive. As for algal reefs, they can adapt to environments that are turbid, colder, and have unstable salinity.
◆ 侵蝕慢 slow erosion
環境必須滿足侵蝕速度小於堆積速度的條件，礁體生長才得以延續。
In order for the reef to continue to expand, the environment must ensure that the erosion rate is slower than the accumulation rate.
◆ 同時出現 Simultaneously
珊瑚礁與藻礁是會出現在同一處海域的，就像近視與老花，本質不同也能共存。
Coral reefs and algal reefs can exist in the same ecosystem, just like myopia and presbyopia, they are different but possible to have both at the same time.
◆ 生長環境相似 Similar growth environment
藻礁與珊瑚礁生長所需條件：
水質通透有氧｜陽光可達的淺海 ｜堅固的底質 ｜海浪侵蝕速度慢
The following characteristics are necessary for the growth of algal reefs and coral reefs: clear, odorless, and organically stable water, shallow oceans where sunlight can reach, solid sea floor, and slower-eroding coast.
NOW
Coral reefs can grow 1 cm a year, which is 10 times that of algal reefs. Therefore, in warm waters with good environmental conditions, strong coral reefs tend to preemptively occupy the territory and become the dominant species, which limits the living space of algal reefs. In order to determine whether this zone is dominated by algae reefs or coral reefs, they must contend with one another for territory. However, algae reefs are the one that loses in the war most of the time, which is why we can often see coral reef ecosystems.
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FUTURE
Algal reefs have been successfully proliferated using artificial techniques, and their development rate is fast enough to rival that of coral reefs. The only opponent will no longer be the enemy but rather a friendly rival that works in tandem with it to improve the marine environment. Bright corals and algae are everywhere in crystal-clear blue oceans. It has gently swimming fish, crabs, and shrimp, beautifying the coastline along Taiwan.
NOW
珊瑚礁一年可以長一公分，是藻礁的10倍，因此在環境良好溫暖的水域中，頭好壯壯的珊瑚礁容易搶先佔領地盤，成為優勢物種，使藻礁生存空間限縮。要決定這片區域是藻礁還是珊瑚礁為主，他們必須和對方搶地盤，然而藻礁在大部分時刻，總是搶輸的那一方，這也是為什麼我們比較常見到珊瑚礁海域。
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FUTURE
藻礁成功地被人工繁殖，生長速率足以與珊瑚礁抗衡，唯一剋星將不再是剋星，轉為良性競爭對手，一同對海洋環境做出貢獻。一片湛藍裡，璀燦的藻類與珊瑚錯落，蝦蟹魚類悠游其中，美麗了台灣海岸線。
中文
最穩定動能
Stabilizing kinetic energy
Temperature
◆ 消波功能 wave dissipation
普通沙岸波浪消散率約為42%，藻礁區則可達70%，僅次於珊瑚礁。
The wave dissipation rate of sandy coasts is about 42%, and that of algal reefs can reach 70%, second only to coral reefs.
◆ 海洋能發電 Ocean power
海洋能(以波浪能為例)發電效率約為風力發電的11倍。是一種相對較不污染環境、
不影響生態平衡的可再生能源，包含波浪能、洋流能、潮汐能、溫差能。
The power generation rate of marine energy (taking wave power as an example) is about 11 times that of wind energy. It is a kind of new renewable energy that is less polluting and does not affect the ecological balance, including wave energy, marine current power, osmotic power, tidal power, and ocean thermal energy.
◆ 老廢角質 old cutin
肌膚代謝的平均過程大約是28天，前14天的角質層有生命，
後14天則成為無生命的老廢角質，自然代謝掉之後，又會再長出新的角質。
The average process of skin metabolism takes about 28 days. The stratum corneum has living corneocytes in the first 14 days and becomes dead tissue in the next 14 days.
◆ 河流搬運作用 stream transportation
河流漂砂是海砂的主要來源，原先無海岸防護工程時，海沙被捲走後，
會透過河流搬運自動進行堆積，因此不會造成海岸線後退。
River sediment is the main source of sea sand. When there is no coastal protection engineering project, the sea sand will be automatically accumulated by sediment transport after being swept away, so the coastline will not retrograde.
◆ 肌膚代謝 skin metabolism
海砂和肌膚代謝有異曲同工之妙，海砂被搬運走後（角質代謝後），將會自動堆積新的海砂（會長出新的角質層）。
Sea sand and skin metabolism are different methods leading to the same result. After the sea sand is carried away (after cutin metabolism), new sea sand will automatically accumulate (a new cuticle will grow).
◆ 風力發電 Wind power
風力發電是目前可用功率最高的綠能發電，運轉一圈可產生一至二度電，大約可吹一個多小時的冷氣，若正常速度運轉，一天可發48000度電，能不間斷吹五年多的冷氣。
Wind power is currently the most efficient energy sources in the world. It can generate one to two kilowatt-hours of electricity after wind turbines rotate one time, which can coop up in an air-conditioned room for more than an hour. If it rotates at normal speed, it can generate 48,000 kilowatt-hours of electricity a day and can turn on the air conditioner continuously for more than five years.
NOW
In terms of ecology, tetrapods will suppress the growth of vegetation, generate thermal pollution, and produce redundant waste, resulting in the decline of marine biodiversity. In addition to being cost-free, algae reefs’ substrates grow naturally on the sea floor, are unafraid of being swallowed, and can contribute to the richness and diversity of life.
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FUTURE
The algal reef area will eventually be able to stop erosion, enforce coastal structures, and continually and steadily dissipate the force of incoming waves. Moreover, the coast of the algal reef needs steady waves and water flows to stay consistent for a long period of time. This characteristic may be utilized to generate wave power or as another type of fuel to lessen marine pollution. Using these reliable and natural energy sources properly is a significant step toward sustainable development.
NOW
就生態面來說，消波塊會抑制植被生長、產生熱汙染以及有合成廢棄物的干擾，導致海洋生物多樣性減少 藻礁不僅無製造成本，其基底是直接生長於土地之上，不怕被吞噬，且為天然物質，有助於提升物種多樣性及豐富度。
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FUTURE
未來藻礁區不僅能夠持續且穩定的消波、減緩海岸線侵蝕，另外，藻礁海岸的風浪速度需長年穩定，可利用此特性進行波浪發電，或作為其他燃料使用，減少海洋污染，妥善利用這些天然又穩定的能量來源，向永續發展更是邁進了一大步。
中文
最和諧住宅
Harmonious community
Salt
◆ 相互共生 Mutualism
當進入蝦蟹的繁殖季節，母蟹等待著大漲潮時將它們的卵釋放到大海裡，部分的卵成為藻礁區內小型魚類的食物，而有些幼魚也成為抱卵母蟹的食物，相互共生。
When the breeding season of shrimp and crabs begins, the female crabs release their eggs into the sea while they wait for the rising tide. Some eggs will be consumed by small fish, and some juvenile fish will also become food for ovigerous female crabs. All of these species are in a mutually beneficial relationship.
◆ 樹懶 sloth
樹懶的毛髮之間，長滿一種綠色藻類，是樹懶和蛾很大部份的營養來源。
The majority of the nutrition for sloths and moths comes from a kind of green algae that forms between the fur of the sloth.
◆ 蛾 moth
蛾會在樹懶身上定居，這些蛾的排泄物和屍體將轉換為綠藻的養分，
樹懶、綠藻和蛾就是如此共生。
Moths will colonize a sloth, and the moths’ poos and dead bodies will be transformed into nutrients for the green algae. And that is how green algae, moths, and sloths all live in harmony.
NOW
The algal reef itself offers a multi-porosity habitat where juvenile fish, shrimp, and crabs may develop securely. When they grow up, they will start looking for a place to live and hunt for food. Although the algal reef ecosystem itself still depends on organisms for food, it has substantially decreased the likelihood of being eaten by large fish while growing and has also improved the diversity of the nearby biological community.
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FUTURE
Climate change has impacted the growth status of algal reefs, causing them to be either loose or tight in structure with a range of pore sizes, luring slightly bigger creatures to live in, maintaining a delicate balance between organisms, and enhancing the diversity of the ecosystem.
NOW
藻礁本身的多空隙環境，提供了小魚、蝦蟹安穩長大的空間，待成年之後，再向外尋找生活空間與覓食，雖然藻礁生態系本身也會互食共生，不過已大大減少在生長過程中就被大魚吃掉的機率，也提高了當地的生物豐富度。
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FUTURE
氣候變遷改變了藻礁的生長狀態，使其結構或鬆散或緊密，孔隙大小變化多端，吸引體型稍大一些的生物進駐，生物間維持微妙的平衡狀態，生態系越加豐富。
中文
最大型海鮮市場
Jumbo seafood market
Salt
◆ 指標性物種 indicator species
藻礁區較具代表性且易於觀察的指標物種分別為：珠螺、草蓆鐘螺、花冠海燕與司氏酋婦蟹。
The representative and easy-to-observe species in the algal reef ecosystems are : Lunella coronata, Monodonta labio, Asterina coronata, Eriphia smithi.
珠螺
Lunella coronata
草蓆鐘螺
Monodonta labio
司氏酋婦蟹
Eriphia smithi
◆ 物種多樣性 biodiversity
藻礁區的生物物種已從2017年所調查的129種拓展到三百多種，仍有許多未發現、未命名的新物種出沒甚至還能觀測到許多保育類生物，事實證明藻礁能夠提供生物完整且資源豐富的棲息地。
There are now more than 300 species in algal reef ecosystems, up from the 129 species examined there in 2017. There are still many new species that have not yet been identified or found, and many conservation species may still be observed. It turns out that algal reefs can actually provide biologically intact and resource-rich habitats.
◆ 司氏酋婦蟹 Eriphia smithii
司氏酋婦蟹最為兇猛，是藻礁小霸王，在潮間帶地區幾乎沒有天敵！
Ferocious reef crab (Eriphia ferox) is the most fierce creatures and is the king of algal reef ecosystems. It has few natural enemies in the intertidal zone.
◆ 肚臍 Belly Button
藻礁區和肚臍一樣， 生物（菌種）豐富，仔細找將會發現稀有生物（菌種）喔！
The ecosystem of the algal reef is similar to the navel since they are all abundant in organisms (bacteria). If you look closely, you can find some other uncommon species (bacteria)!
◆ 細菌 bacteria
肚臍內能夠採集到2300多種細菌，其中有1500種是稀有細菌，可能只出現在火山口或是日本土壤中，還有疑似從未被發現的品種，堪比迷你生態系。
The navel contains more than 2,300 different types of bacteria, 1,500 of which are uncommon bacteria that may only be found in volcanic craters or Japanese soil, as well as hypothesized undiscovered species, which is equal to a micro-ecosystem.
◆ 美味蟹堡 Krabby Patty
海綿寶寶的故事中只有蟹老闆一隻螃蟹，是因為美味蟹堡的祕方正是他的同類，
而藻礁區的司式酋婦蟹也會吃掉自己體力較弱的同伴！
In the story of SpongeBob SquarePants, there is only one crab, Mr. Krabs, because the ingredients in the Krabby Patty formula are all his fellow creatures. When it comes to the ferocious reef crabs, they will also eat their weaker companions.
NOW
Because of the abundance and diversity of the algal reef, residents will bring their equipment to fish for these fish, shrimp, and crabs for their meals. One may compare the algal reef to a large refrigerator for locals. Not only does it collect carbon dioxide, but it also costs zero power consumption, and can also keep the ingredients fresh. Thus, it is not an exaggeration to say that it is the most environmentally friendly refrigerator in the world.
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FUTURE
Under the supervision of non-governmental organizations, the government has gradually focused on this issue and implemented a restoration plan to bring indigenous species back again and control them locally in the ecosystem of the algal reef where the number of species has decreased due to coastal construction and pollution. The general public is not permitted to fish by themselves. With the successful restoration, additional fish species are drawn to the adjacent sea areas, increasing the annual catch at Zhuwei Fish Harbor and Yongan Fishing Harbor each year.